Characterisation of Pollution
Pollution can move between air, water and land. Understanding its sources, composition and behaviour means tracing pathways and destinations, including what remains after treatment.
Air pollution
What leaves a source and what reaches a community are connected questions. Release conditions, pollutant chemistry, weather, background pollution and operating state all shape the evidence. A credible air account follows emissions beyond the stack.
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Leachate, condensate, wastewater and contaminated runoff can carry environmental burdens beyond the treatment process. Their volumes, chemistry, controls and final destinations form part of the engineering account, including the residues created by water treatment.
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Material released or retained on land can connect soil with water, air and exposure pathways. Understanding contamination requires following what a stream contains, whether substances can move from it and how its storage, treatment and final destination are controlled.
Read moreLandfill burdens
Burial does not end material behaviour. Gas, leachate, abnormal heating and the possibility of fires create obligations that can continue through closure and aftercare. An alternative route should be judged by the complete environmental result it achieves.
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